Dengue Fever

Dengue

• Dengue [DEN-ghee] is a flu-like viral disease spread by the bite of infected mosquitoes. Dengue hemorrhagic fever is a severe, often fatal, complication of dengue.


• Dengue occurs in most tropical areas of the world. Most U.S. cases occur in travelers returning from abroad, but the dengue risk is increasing for persons living along the Texas-Mexico border and in other parts of the southern United States.


• There is no specific treatment for dengue.


• Prevention centers on avoiding mosquito bites in areas where dengue occurs or might occur and eliminating breeding sites.

What is dengue fever? What is dengue hemorrhagic fever?

Dengue fever is a flu-like illness spread by the bite of an infected mosquito.

Dengue hemorrhagic fever is a severe, often fatal, complication of dengue fever.

What is the infectious agent that causes dengue?

Dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever are caused by any of the dengue family of viruses. Infection with one virus does not protect a person against infection with another.

How is dengue spread?

Dengue is spread by the bite of an Aedes mosquito. The mosquito transmits the disease by biting an infected person and then biting someone else.

Where is dengue found?

Dengue viruses occur in most tropical areas of the world. Dengue is common in Africa, Asia, the Pacific, Australia, and the Americas. It is widespread in the Caribbean basin. Dengue is most common in cities but can be found in rural areas. It is rarely found in mountainous areas above 4,000 feet.

The mosquitoes that transmit dengue live among humans and breed in discarded tires, flower pots, old oil drums, and water storage containers close to human dwellings. Unlike the mosquitoes that cause malaria, dengue mosquitoes bite during the day.

 What are the signs and symptoms of dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever?

Dengue fever usually starts suddenly with a high fever, rash, severe headache, pain behind the eyes, and muscle and joint pain. The severity of the joint pain has given dengue the name "breakbone fever." Nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite are common. A rash usually appears 3 to 4 days after the start of the fever. The illness can last up to 10 days, but complete recovery can take as long as a month. Older children and adults are usually sicker than young children.

Most dengue infections result in relatively mild illness, but some can progress to dengue hemorrhagic fever. With dengue hemorrhagic fever, the blood vessels start to leak and cause bleeding from the nose, mouth, and gums. Bruising can be a sign of bleeding inside the body. Without prompt treatment, the blood vessels can collapse, causing shock (dengue shock syndrome). Dengue hemorrhagic fever is fatal in about 5 percent of cases, mostly among children and young adults.

How soon after exposure do symptoms appear?

The time between the bite of a mosquito carrying dengue virus and the start of symptoms averages 4 to 6 days, with a range of 3 to 14 days. An infected person cannot spread the infection to other persons but can be a source of dengue virus for mosquitoes for about 6 days.

How is dengue diagnosed?

Dengue is diagnosed by a blood test.

Who is at risk for dengue?

Anyone who is bitten by an infected mosquito can get dengue fever. Risk factors for dengue hemorrhagic fever include a person's age and immune status, as well as the type of infecting virus. Persons who were previously infected with one or more types of dengue virus are thought to be at greater risk for developing dengue hemorrhagic fever if infected again.

What is the treatment for dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever?

There is no specific treatment for dengue. Persons with dengue fever should rest and drink plenty of fluids. They should be kept away from mosquitoes for the protection of others. Dengue hemorrhagic fever is treated by replacing lost fluids. Some patients need transfusions to control bleeding.

How common is dengue?

In tropical countries around the world, dengue is one of the most common viral diseases spread to humans by mosquitoes. Tens of millions of cases of dengue fever and up to hundreds of thousands of cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever occur each year.

In the United States, approximately 100 cases of dengue are reported each year in travelers returning from tropical areas. Many more cases probably go unreported. A few persons have become infected with dengue while living in the United States. Aedes mosquitoes are found in Texas, Florida, and other southern states, and locally acquired dengue has been reported three times since 1980 in southern Texas.

Is dengue an emerging infectious disease?

Yes. All types of dengue virus are re-emerging worldwide and causing larger and more frequent epidemics, especially in cities in the tropics. The emergence of dengue as a major public health problem has been most dramatic in the western hemisphere. Dengue fever has reached epidemic levels in Central America and is threatening the United States.

Several factors are contributing to the resurgence of dengue fever:

• No effective mosquito control efforts are underway in most countries with dengue.


• Public health systems to detect and control epidemics are deteriorating around the world.


• Rapid growth of cities in tropical countries has led to overcrowding, urban decay, and substandard sanitation, allowing more mosquitoes to live closer to more people.


• The increase in non-biodegradable plastic packaging and discarded tires is creating new breeding sites for mosquitoes.


• Increased jet air travel is helping people infected with dengue viruses to move easily from city to city.

Dengue hemorrhagic fever is also on the rise. Persons who have been infected with one or more forms of dengue virus are at greater risk for the more severe disease. With the increase in all types of virus, the occurrence of dengue hemorrhagic fever becomes more likely.

How can dengue be prevented?

There is no vaccine to prevent dengue. Prevention centers on avoiding mosquito bites when traveling to areas where dengue occurs and when in U.S. areas, especially along the Texas-Mexico border, where dengue might occur. Eliminating mosquito breeding sites in these areas is another key prevention measure.

Avoid mosquito bites when traveling in tropical areas:

• Use mosquito repellents on skin and clothing.


• When outdoors during times that mosquitoes are biting, wear long-sleeved shirts and long pants tucked into socks.


• Avoid heavily populated residential areas.


• When indoors, stay in air-conditioned or screened areas. Use bednets if sleeping areas are not screened or air-conditioned.


• If you have symptoms of dengue, report your travel history to your doctor.

Eliminate mosquito breeding sites in areas where dengue might occur:

• Eliminate mosquito breeding sites around homes. Discard items that can collect rain or run-off water, especially old tires.


• Regularly change the water in outdoor bird baths and pet and animal water containers. 

16 Things to Make this Eid Special for family

For a number of Muslim families, Eid is simply a twice-yearly routine that doesn't change: get up, pray Fajr, eat breakfast, go pray, hug Eid Mubarak, come home, maybe go out, maybe have people over, eat, eat, eat, get gifts or Eid money, eat, and sleep.

This year, why not make Eid the special holiday that it is? Here are some ideas of things you can do with the family to get out of the usual yearly Eid routine.

1. Plan in advance

Call a family meeting a week before and plan what you want to do on Eid day. Invite others over in the afternoon, and have dinner at a restaurant in the evening? Or vice-versa? Discuss ideas with the family, including all of the kids.

Also, talk about the menu and delegate cooking responsibilities instead of dumping the whole workload on mom.

And make sure EVERYONE has a day off from work, school or any other commitments.

2. Clean and decorate the home

Get everyone in on this. Make the house as sparkling clean as you can. If there is enough time and the weather is warm, consider white washing the house and putting mattresses and bedding outside to air out.

Then, once the house is virtually spotless, decorate it with lights, banners, streamers,etc. Get the younger kids involved in this process. Have them make decorative signs saying "Eid Mubarak" and post these around the house.

Put an Islamic song on the CD or cassette player so everyone can sing or hum along while they work. The ideal one would be A Whisper of Peace which features the song "These are the Days of Eid".

3. Make special food

Make something special which the family does not normally eat, it can be sweet, sour or in-between. The point is that Eid is special, and the food we eat on this day should be better and different from our usual meals.

4. Set up a family gift exchange

Put each family member's name in a Kufi and have each person pull one out. Whoever picks a person's name has to buy or make that person a gift. One catch: babies have to get gifts from everyone.

5. Have the kids make gifts for each other

If you're not into the gift exchange idea and want everyone to get a present try this. Arts and crafts are the best tool for making these gifts. They are personal and cheap, and save useless trips to the shopping center.

You can have the kids collect all of the odds and ends they find during the Eid house clean up in a box. Then they can use these things to make strange but meaningful Eid gifts .

6. Buy new clothes

Kids will not feel Eid is special if they are sporting the same Shalwar Kameez, suit or Thobe they've worn on Eid for the last two years. Invest in Eid and get them something new. Or at least get everyone to prepare nice clothes for Eid by washing or getting them dry cleaned.

7. Do this as you plan for new clothes

Have everyone go through their clothes and toys (for kids) to find items they have outgrown. Then arrange to have them sold through a garage sale and give the money to a local Masjid or community fundraising event.

The money can also be sent to Chechnya, Palestine, Kosova, etc.

8. Wash the car

Who wants to go to Eid prayers in a dirt stained car filled with gum wrappers and cookie crumbs? And think about what will happen to everyone's nice Eid clothes sitting in a vehicle like that! Get the car clean and ready. Get everyone in on this. One person vacuums, one cleans the windows, one washes the exterior, etc.

If possible get the car checked and fill up the gas tank so you don't end up with any Eid day surprises.

9. At Eid prayer, look for those who are alone and invite them over

At the Eid prayer place, where a lot of hugging goes on, you will find some Muslims standing alone. They are either new Muslims or new immigrants without relatives and friends. Do hug them and greet them. If possible invite them to your home for a meal. Also inform them of any planned Eid celebrations at any community center.

10. Go to a Muslim restaurant to eat as a family

Not only will you have a family outing on Eid day this way, but you'll be supporting a Muslim business. If the food and service are good, advertise the restaurant to your friends.

11. Video record Eid day events

From the time everyone wakes up in the morning till everyone conks out happily at the end of Eid day, video record this Eid to make it memorable. It will probably make a hilarious piece of family history as well. Give the responsibility for recording to one of the responsible, technologically adept members of the family.

12. Head For The Open Road!

Drive the family out into the countryside and try to get lost on some unfamiliar roads, challenging the kids to help remember the way home. (Always keep a pay-phone quarter, a map and a bag of sweets in the glove box — just in case!)

13. Visit a homeless shelter or food bank and donate your extra Eid food

Also do some Dawa by telling workers at the shelter what Eid and Ramadan are about. Bring pamphlets and other written material.

The visit should remind everyone what it was like when they were hungry while fasting.

14.Share Eid with your neighbors

Make dessert (something simple that everyone likes, like chocolate cake) and write up a small decorative definition of Eid day. Share this with your neighbors.

15. Visit relatives and friends

Make it a point to visit those far away especially. There is almost no better time than Eid.

16. Make Eid evening family entertainment night

If 16-year-old Jameel knows how to play the Duff, while his sister Amira, 14, can write and sing well, let them prepare a few songs for Eid night family entertainment. Also, have 12-year-old Ridwan recite some of his best poetry. Make one of the teens in charge of this event. Help them establish a criteria of acceptable and unacceptable Halal entertainment.

Good nigger jokes

Why do niggers carry shit in their wallet? Identification

Why do niggers wear wide brimmed hats? So birds won't shit on their lips

How do you stop black kids from jumping on your bed? Put velcro on the ceiling

Why do niggers smell so bad? So blind people can hate them too

Why does Stevie Wonder smile all the time? He doesn't know he's black

Why can't Stevie Wonder read? He's black

How do you get a nigger down from a tree Cut the rope

How do you stop a nigger from hanging around in your front yard? Hang him in the back

What do you do when you see a nigger with one leg? Stop laughing and re-load

How many niggers does it take to pave a road? Depends on how you slice them

What's green and pink and purple and orange? A nigger dressed for church

What's the difference between a deer in the road and a nigger in the road? The deer has skid marks in front of it

What is wrong with 4 niggers going over a cliff in a cadilac? It seats 5

What do you say when you see your t.v. floating around at night? Drop it nigger

Why are niggers so strong? T.V.'s are getting heavier

Why are niggers so fast? All slow ones are in jail

What do you call a nigger having sex? Rape

What happened to the nigger that had an abortion? Crime stoppers sent her a check for 500 dollars

What are 3 things you can't give a nigger? A black eye, a fat lip, and a job

How do you stop a nigger from drowning? Take your foot off his head

What is the difference between batman and a black man? Batman can go out at night without robin

What's the definition of mass confusion? Father's Day in Harlem

Why shouldn't you hit a nigger riding a bike? Because the bike is probably yours

Why do white people go to black people's garage sales? To get their stuff back

What do black kids get for Christmas? Your bike

What is long and hard on a nigger? First Grade

Why do Black People lean to the middle when they drive? They think the smells comin' from the outside

Where is the best place to hide a nigger's food stamps? Under his work boots.

Why do niggers have red eyes after having sex ? Because of the pepper spray

What's the difference between a nigger and a bike? When you put chains on a bike it doesn't start singing

How do you know Adam and Eve weren't black? Ever try taking a rib from a nigger?

What was missing from the million man march? An auctioneer

How long does it take a nigger to shit? Nine months

What do you call 100 niggers on the bottom of the sea? A good start

What does a smart nigger, and Santa Clause have in common? They're both fictional characters

Why are the trees in harlem so close together? Public transportation

In 4th Grade who has the biggest dick, the wetback, the white boy, or the nigger? The nigger,,, he's 16

What do you call a white man surrounded by 5 black men? victim

How about a white man surrounded by 10 men? A quarter-back

How about a white man surrounded by 20 black men? basketball coach and a white man surrounded by 40 black men? a football coach and finally a white man surrounded by 1,000 black men? a warden

What do you call a barn full of dead niggers? Antique farm equipment

What's long and black? The unemployment line

How do you start a black parade? By rolling a penny down the street

What goes Fee Fi Foe Fee Fi Foe Fee? Mike Tyson giving out his phone number

What do black people give their daughter when she turns 13? A baby shower

Why do niggers wear high heel shoes? So their knuckles won't drag on the ground

What do you get when you cross a gorilla and a nigger? A dumb gorilla

What do you get when you cross a monkey and a nigger? Nothing, monkeys are too smart to fuck niggers

What do niggers and sperm have in common? Only one in two million work

Why do niggers always have sex on their minds? Because of the pubic hair on their heads.

How did the nigger break his leg raking the leaves? He fell out of the tree.

How has Jesse Jackson lost the vote of most niggers? He promised to create jobs for them if elected.

What do you call a nigger in a suit? Defendant

What do black girls and bears have in common? They both suck their paws

What happened when the nigger looked up his family tree? A gorilla shit in his face  

How do you get niggers out of your neighborhood?

Hide all the good cardboard boxes

Why do police dogs lick their asses so much?

To get the taste of NIGGER out of their mouths

Why do niggers have flat noses?

When they are born the doctor drops them on the floor, steps on the back of their heads and jerks the tail out.

What's black and white and red all over?

A nigger and seagull fighting over a french fry on the Jersey shore!

What's black and white and goes rolling along the boardwalk?

A nigger and a pigeon fighting over a chicken wing!

Did you hear about the little black kid who got diarrhea?

He thought he was melting

What do you call three blacks at a skinhead barbeque?

Charcoal.

How do you make a nigger nervous?

Take him to an auction.

What do you call two nigger motorcycle cops?

Chocolate CHiPs.

A cowboy, an indian, and a black man are sitting at a bar. the indian turns to the black man and says, "We once were many but now we're few". the black man replies, "We once were few but now we're many". the cowbay over hears all this and says to the black man, " Thats because we haven't played cowboys and niggers yet".

Did you hear of the new Black Barbie?

It comes with 12 kids, AIDS and a welfare check .

What does NAACP stand for?

Niggers are actually colored polocks.

What do you call a black woman who gets an abortion?

A member of Crimestoppers of America.

Whats the difference between a black and a snow tire?

A snow tire won't sing when you put chains on it.

There is a 3 story apartment building with 1 apartment on each floor.

A white family lives on the top floor.

A mexican family lives on the second floor

A nigger family lives on the botom floor.

At 2:00 PM in the afternoon a terrrible tornado hits the building,

totally destroying it. Which family lived?

The White family, because both parents were at work and the kids were in school.

What is the American dream?

All the niggers go back to Africa with a Jew under each arm!

A ship sinks and the only survivors are a Russian, a Jamaican, a skinhead and a nigger. At sea for days, they finally come within sight of land. The Russian opens a hidden bottle of Stoli vodka, takes one swig and throws the remainder of the bottle into the water much to the other passangers dismay. The Russian explains that where he comes from, there is plenty of Stoli, it is worth nothing and means nothing. The Jamaican then procceds to light a huge blunt, takes one hit, and then throw the remainder to sea explaining, 'Mon, in my country we have plenty of marijuanna, it is worth nothing, means nothing.' So then the White man from New Jersey throws the nigger into the water!

What do you say to a black man in uniform?

"I'll have a Big Mac with cheese and a coke."

What is a nigger's favorite anti-perspirant?

Unemployment.

How can you spot a Black masochist?

He's the one working for a living.

Hear about the black version of "Shogun"?

It's called "Shonuff".

Why did all the blacks die in Vietnam ?

When the sergent said "Get down!", they got up and started dancing.

What do you call a black-midget in Ireland ?

A lepra-coon.

What are the six words you never ever want to hear a black man say?

"Hi, I be yo' new neighbor."

Why do blacks call white people "honkies"?

That's the last noise they hear before the white people run them over.

How was break dancing invented?

By black kids stealing hubcaps from moving cars.

Why does California have so many fags and New York have so many niggers?

California had first choice.

What is the difference between a "RAP" group's manager and a proctologist?

A proctologist only deals with one asshole at a time

What is the New York State motto?

Eat, Drink and be Merry, for tomorrow you may be killed by a nigger in Central park ."

What do you say to a nigger in a three-piece suit?

"Will the defendant please rise."

Why don't niggers celebrate Thanksgiving.?

Kentucky Fried Chicken isn't open on holidays.

Did you hear about the nigger with insomnia?

He kept waking up twice a week.

What do niggers say during foreplay?

"If you scream, bitch, I'll kill you!"

If Tarzan and Jane were black, what would Cheetah be?

The brains of the outfit.

What is eight miles long and has an I.Q. of 68?

The "Martin Luther King Day" parade.

How do you stop five niggers from raping a white woman?

Throw them a basketball.

What's the first thing taught in a Harlem driving school?

How to unlock a car with a coat hanger.

Why aren't there any sandboxes in Harlem ?

Cats keep trying to bury the baby niggers.

Hear about the new perfume for black women?

It's called "Eau de doo dah day."

Why are so many niggers moving to Detroit ?

They heard there were no jobs there.

What is white yet has a black asshole?

The Washington D.C. Mayor's office.

What does cotton have in common with noses?

Niggers are good at picking both.

What do you call a conversation between Jesse Jackson and James Brown?

Gibberish

Why was the wheelbarrow invented?

To teach Niggers to walk on their hind legs.

What is printed on all African products?

"Untouched by human hands."

120 THINGS YOU NEVER KNEW ABOUT PHOTOSHOP

Part of what makes Photoshop such an incredibly powerful and pleasurable program to use is its

well-thought out implementation: the interface is polished and uncluttered and easily

customizable (despite its vast arsenal of tools and commands). In fact, there is a surprising

amount of "hidden" functionality within Photoshop; so much so, that despite the number of years

you work with the program, you will undoubtedly keep discovering more and more about it. I

doubt anyone could claim that they know "everything" about Photoshop (except maybe Adobe's

software engineers ;-).

The 120 tips below should help you (whether you are a beginner or a seasoned expert) to

harness some of Photoshop's "hidden" functionality to streamline your work, perform complex

tasks more quickly or efficiently, or teach yourself something you had no idea Photoshop was

capable of!

For your convenience, the tips have been organized into the following ten categories:



Interface Tips [ 18 Tips ]

Tool Tips [ 11 Tips ]

Command Tips [ 21 Tips ]

Selection Tips [ 8 Tips ]

Layer Tips [ 14 Tips ]

Tips for Guides & Rulers [ 7 Tips ]

Navigation & HotKey Tips [ 7 Tips ]

Tips for Duplicating [ 10 Tips ]

Type Tips [ 10 Tips ]

ImageReady Tips [ 14 Tips ]



Here are a couple of notes before you begin:



• I tend to prefer hotkeys (e.g. [Ctrl+D] ), but I have provided equivalent alternatives (e.g.

Select » Deselect - which denotes a menu command) wherever possible

• Mac Users: Ctrl = Apple, Alt = Option (e.g. Ctrl+Alt+D = Apple·Option·D); right-click =

Option·click



INTERFACE TIPS



1. You probably knew that pressing the Tab key hides the toolbar and palettes, but you can also

press Shift+Tab to hide only the palettes (thereby leaving the toolbar visible).



2. Snap your palettes to the nearest screen edge by Shift-clicking on their titlebars.



3. Minimize palettes by double-clicking on their (names in the) palette tabs. Use the minimize

button on the palette titlebars to cycle between: compact mode (minimum number of options /

contents visible) and contents mode (view all palette options / contents).

Note: (Photoshop 6) You can also double-click the toolbar’s titlebar to minimize it.



4. Press Enter (or double-click on a tool icon in the toolbar) to reveal the Options palette for the

currently active tool; alternatively, you may choose Window » Show Options from the menus to

reveal the Options palette.



5. Use the Zoom field (in the bottom-left of the Photoshop window or Navigator palette) to quickly

enter an exact zoom level; press Shift+Enter after entering a value to have the field remain active.



6. To change the (document size) information displayed in the status bar (bottom of the screen –

Window » Show Status Bar), click on the > button and choose a new item from the pop-up menu.

Click on the status bar (to the left of the > button) to display the Print Size of the current

document. Alt-click to see the image dimensions and resolution. Ctrl-click for Tile information.



7. You can fill the (gray) canvas borders with the foreground color by Shift-clicking on it with the

Paint Bucket tool [K].

Note: To replace the default color, change the foreground color to 25% gray (R192,G192,B192)

and Shift-click on the canvas border again.



8. Hold down the Alt key to change any Cancel button into a Reset button (in any dialog box); this

allows you to easily restore values without having to Cancel and come back.



9. Use the Caps Lock key to turn Precise Cursors on / off.

Note: This does not work if Precise Cursors are already enabled in the Preferences [Ctrl+K,

Ctrl+3] (File » Preferences » Display & Cursors...).



10. Press "F" to cycle between three different Full Screen modes (or use the Mode buttons near

the bottom of the toolbar).

Tip: Press Shift+F to toggle the menus in Full Screen mode.



11. Double-clicking on Photoshop's background (the gray background) will summon the Open

command [Ctrl+O] (File » Open...).



12. Shift-click on the color ramp (on the Color palette [F6] (Window » Show Color)) to change the

spectrum. Alternatively, you may either right-click on the color ramp or open the Color palette

menu to select an alternate color mode.



13. Right-click on an image window's titlebar to quickly access features like Canvas Size, Image

Size and Duplicate.



14. Pausing the mouse pointer over an image window's titlebar will reveal (via a tool tip) the full

path of the current document.



15. Add a custom color to the Swatches palette (Window » Show Swatches) by clicking on any

empty (gray) area. Remove a color by Ctrl-clicking on it. Replace a color by Shift-clicking on it.

Insert a new swatch color (between two other colors) by Alt+Shift-clicking on either color.



16. Use the Hexadecimal Color Field ( # ) in the Color Picker to copy and paste color values from

one place in Photoshop to another (or even to another application that supports Hexadecimal

color values).



17. To increase / decrease the size of the Curves window [Ctrl+M] (Image » Adjust » Curves...),

click on the maximize / minimize button.



Note: Clicking the maximize / minimize button toggles the Curves grid between 171 pixels and

256 pixels wide. For greater accuracy, use the larger grid, since you have control over all 256

shades of gray in the image (compared to 171 shades by using the small grid).



Tip: Alt-click on the Curves window to increase the grid size.



Tip: Hold down the Alt key to change Auto button into an Options button (and the Cancel button

into a Reset button).



18. (Photoshop 6 and ImageReady) Alt-click on a triangle icon to expand or collapse all child

elements of an action, action step, layer style, or layer set.



TOOL TIPS



1. To draw a straight line with any paint tool, click on the image, move the mouse, and then Shiftclick

– Photoshop will join the two points with a straight line using the current tool.



2. Hold down the Ctrl key at any time to access the Move tool [V]. Use Ctrl+Alt to drag a duplicate

of the current layer or selection.



3. Press the Space Bar to access the Hand tool [H] at any time.



4. Access the Zoom tool [Z] at any time by holding Ctrl+Space to zoom in, and Alt+Space to

zoom out.



5. Zoom in and out by using Ctrl+Plus ( + ) and Ctrl+Minus ( - ), respectively: have the window

resize to fit by also holding down the Alt key (Ctrl+Alt+Plus and Ctrl+Alt+Minus). Very Useful!



Note: You may also have the document window zoom to fit while using the Zoom tool [Z] by

enabling "Resize Windows to Fit" in the Options palette.



6. Hold down the Alt key when selecting a color with the Eyedropper tool [ I ] to define a

background color.



7. Use the Color Sampler tool [Shift+I ] with the help of the Info palette [F8] (Window » Show Info)

to monitor color changes in the current image. The before / after color values are displayed next

to their respective color sampler number (i.e. # 1). Specify the sampler color mode via the pop-up

menu on the Info palette [F8] (Window » Show Info).



To add a new color sampler simply click anywhere on the canvas (with the Color Sampler tool

[Shift+I ]). Remove a sampler by Alt-clicking on it.



Note: You may only have a maximum of four color samplers per image.



Tip: To use the Color Sampler tool from within a dialog window (such as Levels, Curves, etc.),

hold down the Shift key. Alt+Shift-click on a sampler to delete it.



8. While the Measure tool [U] is pretty handy for measuring distances (especially on a diagonal),

you can also use it to measure angles (like a protractor). Make sure the Info palette [F8] (Window

» Show Info) is visible. Select the Measure tool [U]: click and drag to draw a line. Hold down the

Alt key and drag a second line out from one of the end nodes (note the angle and lengths of the

two lines in the Info palette).



Tip: Move a measure line by dragging it with the Measure tool [U] (you may even reposition the

endpoints independently). Delete a measure line (or protractor) by dragging it off the canvas.



9. Ctrl-click a tool icon in the toolbar to reset the tool to its default settings.



10. Increase / decrease the brush size for the current paint tool using the left / right square

bracket keys ( [ / ] ), respectively.



11. The Eyedropper tool [ I ] (in Photoshop 6) allows you to copy the hexadecimal value of a color

to the Clipboard. Simply right-click over the desired color (in the image window) and choose Copy

Color as HTML from the context menu. You may then paste the color value into your favorite

editor.



COMMAND TIPS



1. To reapply the last filter, use Filter » Last Filter [Ctrl+F]. To reapply a filter with new settings,

add the Alt key (Ctrl+Alt+F or Alt + Filter » Last Filter).



Tip: Fade the effects (and change the blending mode) of the last filter (or adjustment), by

pressing Ctrl+Shift+F (Filter » Fade Filter…).



2. If you have recently copied an image to the Clipboard, Photoshop will automatically insert the

dimensions of the Clipboard image when you create a New Document [Ctrl+N] (File » New...). To

bypass this feature and recall the last settings, hold down the Alt key [Ctrl+Alt+N] (Alt + File »

New...).



Tip: To insert the dimensions of any open document into the New Document window [Ctrl+N]

(File » New...), choose its name from the bottom of the Window menu.



3. Use Ctrl+Alt+Z and Ctrl+Shift+Z to step backward and forward though the history states (or use

the History palette menu to access the step commands); use these keys in conjunction with Undo

[Ctrl+Z] (Edit » Undo) to cycle between a specific history state and the current state.



4. Use Alt+Backspace and Ctrl+Backspace to Fill (Edit » Fill...) with the foreground and

background colors, respectively; also, use Shift+Backspace to open the Fill dialog box. Very

useful!



Tip: Use Alt+Shift+Backspace and Ctrl+Shift+Backspace to fill only existing pixels (Preserve

Transparency) with the foreground and background colors, respectively.



5. Perform a Free Transform [Ctrl+T] (Edit » Free Transform) on a duplicate (of the current

selection) by holding down the Alt key (Ctrl+Alt+T or Alt + Edit » Free Transform).



Tip: Repeat the last Transformation by pressing Ctrl+Shift+T (Edit » Transform » Again). Repeat

the last Transformation on a duplicate by pressing Ctrl+Alt+Shift+T (Alt + Edit » Transform »

Again).



6. To stop the Crop tool [C] from snapping to the image borders, hold down the Ctrl key while you

are dragging the crop handles.



7. To straighten a crooked image, use the Measure tool [U] to draw a line along what should be a

horizontal or vertical line (the edge of the image, a doorframe, across the eyes of a person in a

portrait, etc.), and then choose Image » Rotate Canvas » Arbitrary...; the correct Angle and

Direction will appear, just hit OK.



Note: You can also use the Crop tool [C] to rotate and crop an image in one step. Select the Crop

tool [C] and draw a rectangular region. Use the crop handle to scale the marquee, and drag

outside the marquee to rotate it; hit Enter to crop the image.



Tip: The angle of the Measure tool [U] is also entered automatically into the Transform Numeric

dialog box (Edit » Transform » Numeric).



8. To perform a Copy & Paste or Cut & Paste in one step, use the Layer Via Copy [Ctrl+J] (Layer

» New » Layer Via Copy) or Layer Via Cut [Ctrl+Shift+J] (Layer » New » Layer Via Cut)

commands.



Note: The Layer Via Copy (or Cut) commands also paste into the same location from which they

were copied (or cut), whereas the Copy (or Cut) & Paste method pastes into the center of the

canvas (or selection if one exists).



9. If you Crop your image (using the Crop tool [C] or Edit » Crop), you will lose all pixels outside

the crop boundaries. To crop your image without losing any data, use Canvas Size (Image »

Canvas Size) instead. Photoshop will warn you that some clipping will occur, but for some reason

it does not: all "cropped" data will be preserved outside the canvas boundaries!



Tip: ImageReady's Crop command (Image » Crop) will ask if you want cropped areas to be

hidden or deleted.



Note: This does not work in Indexed mode (i.e. you will lose any pixels outside the canvas

boundaries when using Canvas Size in Indexed mode).



10. Merge a copy of all visible layers into the current layer by holding down the Alt key while

selecting Merge Visible [Ctrl+Alt+Shift+E] (Alt + Layer » Merge Visible).



Tip: You may also merge a copy of the current layer into the previous layer by selecting Alt +

Layer » Merge Down. There is no equivalent hotkey associated with this command – Ctrl+Alt+E

does not work.



11. An alternative to deleting unwanted plugin folders is to prefix the folder name with a tilde (~).

Photoshop will ignore any folders beginning with a tilde (~).

Example: To disable the “Digimarc” plugins, rename the folder to “~Digimarc”.



12. Holding the Ctrl and Alt keys while launching Photoshop will allow you to change Photoshop's

Scratch Disk Preferences before it loads.



13. To reset all preferences to their defaults, press and hold Ctrl+Alt+Shift immediately after

launching Photoshop (or ImageReady).



14. You may customize the "Jump to..." and "Preview in..." menus with Photoshop / ImageReady

by creating shortcuts to your favorite applications within the Helpers folder:



C:\Program Files\Adobe\Photoshop 6.0\Helpers\



Note: The above path assumes a default installation (for Windows).



To add your own HTML editor to ImageReady's "Jump to..." menu, create a shortcut to the

desired application within the "Jump To HTML Editor" folder.



To include your preferred browser(s) in ImageReady's "Preview in..." menu, create a shortcut

within the "Preview In" folder.



To assign the default graphics application for ImageReady's “Jump To” button [Ctrl+Shift+M],

create a shortcut in the "Jump To Graphics Editor" folder. Place brackets “[ ]” around the name of

the application - the brackets will not be displayed.



To assign the default graphics application for Photoshop's “Jump To” button [Ctrl+Shift+M],

create a shortcut in the "Jump To Graphics Editor" folder. Place braces “{ }” around the name of

the application - the braces will not be displayed.



15. To free up memory you may choose choosing Edit » Purge » Histories, but be warned that

this will clears the history states of ALL open documents.



Note: To purge the history states of the active document (only), hold the Alt key and choose

Clear History from the History palette menu to purge all history states without changing the

image.



Warning! This above commands cannot be undone.



16. (Photoshop 6) In the Liquify dialog box [Ctrl+Shift+X] (Image » Liquify…), hold the Shift key

while clicking the OK button to temporarily save the current mesh (to a file called

C:\Temp\Liquify.tmp). To (re)load the mesh file (with your image), hold the Shift while launching

the Liquify command.



Note: The C:\Temp\ folder must already exist on your system to take advantage of this feature.



17. Press Ctrl+Alt and choose Save Actions... from the Action palette menu to save all actions to

a text file. This is very useful for reviewing or printing the contents of an action.



Note: The text file cannot be reloaded into Photoshop.



18. To improve the performance of batch processes (File » Automate » Batch…), reduce the

number of saved history states (in the General Preferences [Ctrl+K] (Edit » Preferences »

General...)) and deselect the Automatically Create First Snapshot option in the History Options

(History palette menu » History Options...).



19. To batch-process multiple folders in a single batch, enable the Include All Subfolders option,

and create shortcuts within the source folder to all folders you would like to have processed.



20. To batch-process multiple actions, create a new action and record the batch for each action

that you would like to process. Then run a batch-process using the newly created action.



Tip: You may also use this technique in conjunction with Command Tip 19 (above).



21. One really powerful aspect of actions is the ability to have them play other actions (even from

different action sets). This feature is ideal for actions that contain repetitive command segments

that could be segregated into action “subroutines” (thereby making the action easier to edit and

maintain). While recording an action, choose another action and press the play button: the play

command is recorded as an action step (Play action “Name” of Set “Name”) in the current action.



SELECTION TIPS



1. When using the Marquee tools [M], use the Shift key to create perfect circles or squares: use

the Alt key to draw them from their center.



2. Use the Reselect command [Ctrl+Shift+D] (Select » Reselect) to load / restore your previous

selection.



3. You may alternate between Polygonal and Freehand Lasso [L], while you are creating a

selection, by holding down the Alt key.



4. Use the Space Bar to move a selection while drawing it.



5. Holding the Shift or Alt keys to add or subtract from a selection is fairly common knowledge,

but did you know that you could hold down Shift and Alt together to intersect two selections?



Tip: Ctrl-click on a layer thumbnail (in the Layers palette - to load its transparency channel) and

then Ctrl+Alt+Shift-click a second layer to intersect the two layers' transparency masks.



6. Retain your selections while scaling or duplicating an image by first switching to Quick Mask

mode [Q] (or click on the Quick Mask icon near the bottom of the toolbar).



7. Alt-click the Quick Mask button to toggle between masked or selected areas.



8. After editing a selection in Quick Mask mode, Alt-click the Standard mode (Quick Mask off)

button to invert the current selection.



LAYER TIPS



1. You can cycle through layer blending modes by using Shift+Plus ( + ) (cycle forward) and

Shift+Minus ( - ) (cycle backward). Also try Alt+Shift+Letter (where Letter is one of letters listed

below) to quickly change the blending mode.



N = Normal

I = Dissolve

M = Multiply

S = Screen

O = Overlay

F = Soft Light

H = Hard Light

D = Color Dodge

B = Color Burn

K = Darken

G = Lighten

E = Difference

X = Exclusion

U = Hue

T = Saturation

C = Color

Y = Luminosity

Q = Behind 1

L = Threshold 2

R = Clear 3

W = Shadows 4

V = Midtones 4

Z = Highlights 4



Only applicable to: 1. Paint tools 2. Indexed mode 3. Dodge and Burn tools [O] 4. Line [N] and

Bucket [K] tools on multi-layered images



Note: The above hotkeys also affect the blending mode of the currently active paint tool, so if you

wish to change the blending mode of the active layer, be sure to switch to the Move tool [V] or

one of the selection tools first.



2. Change the opacity of the currently active tool or layer by using the number keys (on the

keyboard or on the number pad). Press "1" for 10% Opacity, "5" for 50%, and so on; use "0" for

100% Opacity. Numbers pressed in succession such as "85" will result in an opacity of 85%.



Note: The above hotkeys also affect the opacity of the currently active paint tool, so if you wish to

change the opacity of the active layer, be sure to switch to the Move tool [V] or one of the

selection tools first.



3. Increase / decrease slider bars by 1% using the left and right arrow keys. Add Shift to increase

/ decrease by 10% increments.



4. Hide / Reveal all layers by Alt-clicking on the visibility icon (the eyeball) of the desired layer.



5. Unlink all layers from the current layer by Alt-clicking on the current layer's paintbrush icon.



6. To clear (remove) all layer effects from a particular layer, hold the Alt key and double-click on

the layer's effect icon ( f ); or from the menus, choose Layer » Effects » Clear Effects.



Tip: To disable an individual effect, hold down the Alt key and select it by name from the Layer »

Effects submenu. Alternatively, you may uncheck its Apply flag in the effects dialog box.



7. Alt-click between layers (in the Layers palette) to group them together. This is handy when

several layers are linked together, and you only want to group specific layers together (since

Group [Ctrl+G] (Layer » Group with Previous) changes into Group Linked [Ctrl+G] (Layer » Group

Linked) when the current layer is linked to other layers).



8. Here is a real time-saver for adding adjustment layers (Layer » New » Adjustment Layer...):

simply Ctrl-click on the New Layer icon (at the bottom of the Layers palette) and select the type of

adjustment layer you wish to add!



9. Alt-click on the Trash icon (at the bottom of the Layers palette) to quickly delete layers (without

confirmation); also works with channels and paths.



10. Instead of going to the Channels palette (Window » Show Channels) to edit a layer mask,

simply Alt-click on the mask's thumbnail in the Layers palette [F7] (Window » Show Layers) to

reveal it; Shift-click layer mask thumbnails to disable / enable them (a red X indicates a disabled

mask). Alt+Shift-click a layer mask to view it in rubylith color (or press backslash [ \ ] ). Ctrl-click

on a mask's thumbnail to load its Transparency Selection (or press Ctrl+Alt+ \ ).



Tip: Press Ctrl+ \ to switch the focus from the current layer (image) to its mask.



11. Click the Add Layer Mask button (at the bottom of the Layers palette [F7]) to add a mask

which reveals the current selection (Layer » Add Layer Mask » Reveal All). Alt-click on the Add

Layer Mask button to add a mask which hides the current selection (Layer » Add Layer Mask »

Hide All).



12. Turn off all paths easily by clicking on the empty area of the Paths palette (under the path

layers).



Tip: Toggle paths on / off by pressing Ctrl+Shift+H (View » Show/Hide Path).



13. Alt-click on the Fill Path, Stroke Path, and Load Path as Selection icons (bottom of the Paths

palette) to see a list of available tools and / or options.



14. With the Move tool [V] as the current tool (or while holding down the Ctrl key), right-click

anywhere on the canvas for a list of the layers under the mouse pointer (ordered from top-most to

bottom-most): select a layer-name from the list to make it the active layer.



Tip: Add the Alt key (Alt-right-click) to automatically choose the top-most layer under the pointer.

Alternatively, you may turn on the Auto Select Layer option in the Move tool [V] Options palette.



Tip: Add the Shift key (Alt+Shift-right-click) to link / unlink the top-most layer that intersects with

the current layer.



TIPS FOR GUIDES & RULERS



1. While dragging guides, hold down the Alt key to switch between vertical and horizontal guides.

Alt-click on an existing vertical guide to change it into a horizontal guide, and vice versa.



Note: Guides are created by dragging them out from the document rulers, so ensure that the

rulers are turned on [Ctrl+R] (View » Show Rulers).



2. Dragging guides with the Shift key held down will force them to snap to the ruler increments

(markings).



3. Double-click on guides to open the Guides & Grid Preferences [Ctrl+K, Ctrl+6] (File »

Preferences » Guides & Grid...).



4. Double-click on the rulers [Ctrl+R] to open the Units & Rulers Preferences [Ctrl+K, Ctrl+5] (File

» Preferences » Units & Rulers...).



Tip: You can also select a new unit of measurement from the Cursor Coordinates pop-up menu

on the Info palette [F8] (Window » Show Info).



5. Center the ruler origin anywhere on the canvas by dragging from the top-left corner (where the

Rulers [Ctrl+R] meet); reset the origin to its default position by double clicking on the top-left

corner.



6. Use paths to create curved or diagonal guides. Simply draw a path using the Pen tool [P] and

use it as a guide while drawing or painting (the path will remain visible).



Tip: Use the Hide Path command [Ctrl+Shift+H] (View » Hide Path) to toggle the visibility of a

path.



7. Guides snap not only to the edges (left, right, top and bottom) of the active layer or selection,

but also to the vertical and horizontal center (of the current layer or selection). The opposite is

also true: you may snap a selection or layer to an existing guide (either by edge or center).



Note: Guides do not snap to the Background layer. Also, be sure that Snap To Guides

[Ctrl+Shift+ ; ] (View » Snap To Guides) is turned on for the above tip to work!



Tip: Find the center of the canvas by filling [Shift+Backspace] (Edit » Fill...) a New Layer

[Ctrl+Shift+N] (Layer » New Layer...) and snapping a guide to the vertical and horizontal centers.



NAVIGATION & HOTKEY TIPS



1. Sometimes it is quicker to navigate with the keyboard than to reach for the mouse. Here are

some useful navigation keys:



HotKey Result



Home / End go to top-left / bottom-right corner of the canvas

PageUp / PageDown scroll canvas up /down one page

Ctrl+PageUp / Ctrl+PageDown scroll canvas left right one page

Shift+PageUp / Shift+PageDown scroll canvas up / down 10 pixels

Ctrl+Shift+PageUp / Ctrl+Shift+PageDown scroll canvas left / right 10 pixels



2. Use Ctrl+Tab / Ctrl+F6 to switch between documents (or, alternatively, use the Window menu).

Very handy!



3. Use the Revert command [F12] (File » Revert) to restore the current document to its previously

saved state.



Warning! In Photoshop 5 (only), the Revert command will also clear your History! This means

that you will lose all changes made since the last save! Photoshop 5.5 corrects this behaviour.



4. By default, channels have hotkeys associated with them. This makes it very quick and easy to

add, subtract and intersect selections / masks which have been saved as channels. Here are the

hotkeys corresponding to some common color modes:



RGB Mode: CYMK Mode: Index Mode:

Ctrl+Tilde ( ~ ) = RGB

Ctrl+1 = Red

Ctrl+2 = Green

Ctrl+3 = Blue

Ctrl+4 = Other Channel

:

Ctrl+9 = Other Channel

Ctrl+Tilde ( ~ ) = CYMK

Ctrl+1 = Cyan

Ctrl+2 = Yellow

Ctrl+3 = Magenta

Ctrl+4 = Black

Ctrl+5 = Other Channel

:

Ctrl+9 = Other Channel

Ctrl+1 = Index

Ctrl+2 = Other Channel

:

Ctrl+9 = Other Channel



Example: To create a selection that represents the intersection of channels 7 and 9, press

Ctrl+Alt+7 (to load channel 7 as a selection) followed by Ctrl+Alt+Shift+9 (to intersect with

channel 9).



5. Ctrl-drag inside of the Proxy Preview Area (in the Navigation palette (Window » Show

Navigator)) to specify a new view area within the current document.



Tip: Shift-drag within the Proxy Preview Area to move the highlight vertically and horizontally.



Tip: Change the color of the Proxy View highlight by selecting Palette Options… from the palette

menu.



6. To play just one step within an action, choose the step and Ctrl-click on the Play button (at the

bottom of the Actions palette (Window » Show Actions)).



Note: To change the parameters of a particular command step, double-click on the step to reveal

the associated dialog box: any new values entered will automatically be recorded.



7. To begin playback from a specific step of an action, simply choose the desired step and press

the Play button (at the bottom of the Actions palette).



TIPS FOR DUPLICATING



1. You can use the Marquee tool [M] (or Polygonal Lasso [L]) to drag a selection outline from one

document into another.



Tip: Hold the Shift key down (after initiating the drag - after clicking with the left mouse button) to

have the selection centered in the destination document.



2. When dragging selections or layers from one document to another, hold down the Shift to have

them centered on the destination canvas.



Note: If the source and destination documents are the same size (dimensions), the dragged

elements are placed in the same relative position as they were in the original document (instead

of being placed in the center of the canvas).



Note: If the destination canvas contains a selection, the dragged item will be placed into the

center of the selection.



3. To drag multiple layers between documents, first link them together, then use the Move tool [V]

to drag them from one document window into the other.



Note: You cannot drag multiple layers from the Layers palette [F7] (Window » Show Layers) into

another document (even if they are linked together) - this will only move the selected layer.



4. A fast way to combine several layers into a group is to first link them together, then select

Group Linked [Ctrl+G] (Layer » Group Linked). You may then unlink the layers if you wish.



Note: You can also Merge [Ctrl+E] (Layer » Merge Down) multiple visible layers using the same

technique (because, the Merge Down command becomes Merge Linked [Ctrl+E] (Layer » Merge

Linked) when the current layer is linked to other layers).



5. Here is a slick way to rearrange (reorder) multiple layers simultaneously (within the Layers

palette): Group [Ctrl+G] (Layer » Group with Previous) the desired layers together, drag the group

(up or down) into its new position within the Layers palette, and then UnGroup [Ctrl+Shift+G]

(Layer » Ungroup) them again.



6. To create a duplicate image of the currently selected history state or snapshot (Window »

Show History):

• click the New Document button

• choose New Document from the History palette menu

• drag-and-drop the current state (or snapshot) onto the New Document button

• right-click on the desired state (or snapshot) and select New Document from the context

menu



7. Drag a history state from the History palette (Window » Show History) of the current image into

any other image window to replace the contents of the destination image.



8. Alt-click on any history state (other than the current, most recent state), to duplicate it. The

duplicated state becomes the current (most recent) state.



9. Alt-drag an action step to create a duplicate.



10. To duplicate the current document without being prompted for a name (and have "copy"

automatically appended to the filename), hold the Alt key and choose Image » Duplicate.



TYPE TIPS



1. Here is a very useful tip for achieving added control (beyond the available anti-aliasing

settings) over the rendering of extremely small type. First, scale the type to (for example) 200%:

then, scale it to 50% (essentially bringing it back to its original size). Open the type dialog window

(by double clicking on the type layer). While the type window is open, moving the text in the

image window will cause the anti-aliasing to shift / rerender. Close the type window and reposition

the type as desired – with the type window closed, you may move the type without affecting the

anti-aliasing.



2. Use the Enter key on the numeric keypad (on the right side of the keyboard), or Ctrl+Enter (on

the main keyboard) to commit text changes in the type dialog box.



Note: (Photoshop 6) You may also use the Commit Changes (checkmark) button in the Options

palette (Window » Show Options).



3. (Photoshop 6) Use the View » Show Extras [Ctrl+H] command to hide a text selection. This

undocumented feature is really useful!



4. (Photoshop 6) Hold the Alt key as you click or drag a Text Box to display a Paragraph Text

Size dialog box. The dialog box will display the current Text Box dimensions: enter the desired

values for the Width and Height.



Note: Another alternative is to simply watch the Width (W) and Height (H) values in the Info

palette [F8] (Window » Show Info) as you draw the Text Box.



Note: If you continue to hold Alt key down after the mouse button has been depressed (and you

begin to drag), the Text Box will be draw from the center. Upon releasing the mouse button, the

Text Box Size dialog box will appear.



5. To modify the properties of several type layers simultaneously (i.e. font, color, size, etc.), link

the desired type layers together and hold the Shift key while changing the type properties.



Note: This feature applies to changes performed in the Options palette (Window » Show

Options), the Character palette (Window » Show Character), and / or Paragraph palette (Window

» Show Paragraph).



6. Anti-aliased type may be rendered inconsistently at small size (or low resolutions). To reduce

this inconsistency, turn off the Fractional Widths option (in the Character palette menu).



7. Using the Type tool [T]: double-click a word to select it; triple-click a line to select it; quadrupleclick

a paragraph to select it; and quintuple-click to select all characters in a bounding box.



Tip: While in text selection mode, use Ctrl+A to select all type on the active layer.



8. To restrict the use of certain fonts to Adobe applications, place them in C:\Program

Files\Common Files\Adobe\Fonts\



9. Despite the fact that both the Edit » Fill... command and the Paint Bucket tool [G] are disabled

for type layers, Alt+Backspace (fill with foreground color) and Ctrl+Backspace (fill with

background color) still work!



10. Below is a table of hotkeys that are applicable when working with type layers:



HotKey Result



Ctrl+A select all type

Ctrl+Shift+Right Arrow / Ctrl+Shift+Left Arrow select word to left / right

Ctrl+Shift+Greater Than ( > ) /

Ctrl+Shift+Less Than ( < )

increase / decrease type by 2 px (pt)

Ctrl+Alt+Shift+Greater Than ( > ) /

Ctrl+Alt+Shift+ Less Than ( < )

increase / decrease type by 10 px (pt)

Alt+Down Arrow / Alt+Up Arrow increase / decrease leading by 2 px

Ctrl+Alt+Down Arrow / Ctrl+Alt+Up Arrow increase / decrease leading by 10 px

Alt+Right Arrow / Alt+Left Arrow increase / decrease kerning by 2/100 em

Ctrl+Alt+Left Arrow / Ctrl+Alt+Right Arrow increase / decrease kerning by 1/10 em

Alt+Shift+Up Arrow / Alt+Shift+Down Arrow raise / lower baseline by 2 px

Ctrl+Alt+Shift+Up Arrow / Ctrl+Alt+Shift+Down Arrow raise / lower baseline by 10 px

Ctrl+Shift+C center-align type

Ctrl+Shift+L left-align type

Ctrl+Shift+R right-align type



IMAGEREADY TIPS



1. Drag any document view tab (e.g. Original, Optimized, 2-Up, or 4-Up) away from the document

window to create a New View of the current image.



Note: Alternatively, you may select View » New View from the menus.



2. To duplicate the current document, hold the Alt key and drag the Original view tab away from

the document window (or choose Image » Duplicate).



3. Hold the Alt key and press the right / left arrow (cursor) keys to move to the next / previous

frame, respectively.



Note: Using these hotkeys in conjunction with one of the following tools may produce undesirable

results: Move tool [V] (will duplicate the pixels in the current layer or selection), Image Map Select

tool [P] (will duplicate the active image map - or cause an error if none are selected), Slice Select

tool [K] (will duplicate the active slice).



4. When creating an action that includes styles (layer effects), each setting is recorded as a

separate action step. To record the style in a single step, drag the style from the Layers palette

[F7] (Window » Show Layers) into the Action palette [F9] (Window » Show Actions).



5. Use the Eyedropper tool [ I ] to select a color from anywhere on the screen. Click inside the

current image window, hold the mouse button down, and drag anywhere on the desktop (or even

over another application window): release the mouse button to select the desired color.



Note: This feature only works provided that the ImageReady application remains active (i.e. in

the foreground).



6. ImageReady allows you to select colors based on a selection marquee. Make a selection in the

current image and choose Select All From Selection from the Color Table palette menu (Window

» Show Color Table).



7. To view the occurrence(s) of a color in the Optimized Image window [Ctrl+Y] (View » Show

Optimized), click and hold the mouse button over a color in the Color Table palette (Window »

Show Color Table). The selected color will remain temporarily inverted (until you release the

mouse button).



Tip: This also works for multiple selected colors! To view a contiguous group of colors, select a

color and Shift-click and hold another color. For non-contiguous colors, Ctrl-click to select

additional colors, then hold the mouse button to temporarily inverted the selected colors.



8. (ImageReady 3) To copy the hexadecimal value of a color to the Clipboard, choose a color with

the Eyedropper tool [ I ], then right-click over the image window and choose Copy Foreground

Color as HTML from the context menu. You may then paste the color value into your favorite

editor.



Note: You may also choose Edit » Copy Foreground Color as HTML from the menus.



9. Drag a droplet onto the Actions palette [F9] (Window » Show Actions) to create an action step

(containing all the optimization settings of the droplet). Alternatively, you can select Insert Set

Optimization Settings to Image Format from the Actions palette menu.



Tip: You can also drag a droplet onto a slice to apply the optimization settings to the slice.



10. Drag a command from the History palette (Window » Show History) to the Actions palette [F9]

(Window » Show Actions) to create an action step (with or without pressing the Record button).



11. When creating / saving animations, enable the Transparency option in the Optimize palette

[F10] (Window » Show Optimize) to see what effect it has on the file size – even if your animation

does not contain any transparent regions. By combining transparency, frame disposal (see

below), and the Optimize Animation options (see below), it is possible to significantly decrease

the file size of the animation.



Note: Ensure that the disposal method is set to Automatic or Restore to Background. To set the

disposal method, right-click on a frame (in the Animation palette) and choose an option from the

context menu.



Note: The above technique only works if Bounding Box and /or Redundant Pixel Removal are

enabled (from Animation palette menu » Optimize Animation…).



12. Click the inverted arrow icon in the status bar (at the bottom of each document window) to

choose from a list of information options.



Note: In 2-Up and 4-Up view modes, an additional Zoom Level icon is added.



13. To see what your image / animation will look like on a PC / Mac, use the View » Preview

submenu (and choose a display type).



Note: To permanently adjust your image / animation, use Image » Adjust » Gamma…



14. To center the current layer on the canvas, choose Layer » Set Layer Position and enter

Horizontal: Center, 0 pixels and Vertical: Center, 0 pixels. You may also use the Set Layer

Position command to align the current layer to any canvas edge or corner.

That's it! I hope that you found the above tutorial comprehensive and easy to follow. Please, if

you have any comments about this tutorial (or any other), send me an email with your comments

(good or bad).



Copyright © 2000-2001, Trevor Morris ( tmorris@fundy.net | http://user.fundy.net/morris/ )

Last modified: 14-01-01

The End of the World - a flash animation

According to astronomers, the Earth should last for at least five
billion

more years before the sun becomes a red giant. Due to the

sun's loss of mass the Earth would escape to an orbit at a further

distance than its current orbit.

Have a look at this very funny, entertaining flash animation.

It's another person's view about what the end of the world will be caused by.

Someone spent quite a bit of time creating this creative animation.

Make sure you bookmark the page so you can show someone in the future.

Click on the lick to see the Animation:

The End of the World

About the Author

Austin Luna aka Nukemdomis is from Las Vegas, Nevada. Check out the website www.acreativedesktop.com

Imaginary Drawings